The Truth About a Whiter Smile After 35

The most common question I hear from patients is, "How can I get my teeth whiter?" The answer isn't a one-size-fits-all solution because discoloration stems from two distinct sources: external habits and internal aging.

The stains that accumulate on the surface of your teeth are known as extrinsic stains. These are largely dictated by day-to-day habits. Foods, beverages, tobacco use, and even certain medications can alter the shade of your enamel. My simple rule for patients is: "If it can stain a white shirt, it can stain your teeth." Coffee, tea, red wine, and dark berries are common culprits.

Understanding which habits contribute to staining is the first step. From there, you can make informed choices to minimize their impact, such as rinsing your mouth with water after consuming staining foods or drinks, or using a straw.

Habits, however, are only part of the story. The natural aging process also contributes to a darker tooth shade through what is known as intrinsic staining.

Your teeth are composed of multiple layers. The outermost layer is the hard, translucent enamel. Beneath it lies the dentin, which constitutes the bulk of the tooth. Dentin is naturally a pale, buttery yellow color.[1] As we age, our enamel gradually thins from years of use, allowing more of this yellowish dentin to show through. Also, we build more dentin over time, and it becomes a little bit darker, too. These changes happen from within and cannot be polished away like a surface stain. Understanding this distinction is key to selecting the right whitening approach with your dental team.

Once you know what is causing the discoloration, you and your dental professional can choose the best whitening method.

1. Start with an Effective At-Home Routine

When choosing an at-home whitening routine, a toothpaste that contains the ingredient hydrogen peroxide, such as the Colgate Optic White Pro-Series, is a highly effective first step for tackling stubborn stains. It works on two levels: as you brush, it helps remove surface stains, but more importantly, the hydrogen peroxide penetrates the tooth's enamel. There, it works to break down deeper, older stains. You will find toothpastes with varying concentrations of hydrogen peroxide, so it’s about choosing the one that works best for you. For more targeted treatment, whitening pens can also be effective for addressing specific areas of concern.

2. Consider Professional In-Office Treatments

If your teeth don't reach the desired shade with at-home products, it may be because of deeper stains or the natural yellowing of dentin. Professional, in-office whitening treatments use a higher, controlled concentration of bleaching agents to penetrate the enamel more deeply, safely removing stains that at-home methods cannot.

Achieving a brighter smile is not a one-time fix; it requires a consistent and mindful approach.

• Identify the Cause: Work with your dental hygienist or dentist to determine if your discoloration is primarily from habits or the natural aging process.

• Modify Habits: Be mindful of staining foods and drinks. Simple changes, like rinsing with water, can make a significant difference.

• Protect Your Enamel: Age-related darkening can be managed. Use products designed to penetrate enamel safely, and always follow the guidance of a dental professional to avoid overuse, which can lead to sensitivity.

Ultimately, understanding your unique situation is the key to success. A personalized plan created with your dental team will help you achieve and maintain a brighter, healthier smile for years to come.

1. American Dental Association (ADA). "Whitening: 5 Things to Know About Getting a Brighter Smile."

2. Kwon, S. R., & Wertz, P. W. (2015). "Review of the mechanism of tooth whitening." Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.

This article is intended to promote understanding of and knowledge about general oral health topics. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your dentist or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment.