Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease, which means the immune system mistakenly attacks your body's cells and tissues. With this condition, your immune system usually targets the mucous membranes and moisture-secreting glands in your eyes and mouth first. As a result, you have decreased tears and saliva.
Though scientists do not know the exact cause of Sjögren's syndrome, they have identified several risk factors. People over the age of 40 and women are more likely to develop Sjögren's syndrome. The disease also tends to accompany other autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
Sjögren's syndrome symptoms can vary from person to person, but the two most common include:
Sjögren's syndrome can also impact other areas of your body — such as joints, thyroid, kidneys, liver, lungs, skin, or nerves — causing you to experience:
Because the symptoms vary so greatly and mimic symptoms of other conditions and medications, it's often difficult to diagnose Sjögren's syndrome. Specific tests can help rule out other conditions and accurately diagnose Sjögren's syndrome, including:
Though Sjögren's syndrome currently has no cure, many effectively manage their symptoms through lifestyle changes and medication. Because everyone experiences Sjögren's syndrome differently, medical providers focus on addressing the symptoms individually. Treatments can include over-the-counter remedies — such as artificial tears for dry eyes — and sometimes immunosuppressive drugs for more severe organ problems.
To increase the production of saliva, your physician might prescribe drugs like pilocarpine and cevimeline. You can also try some of these lifestyle changes and home remedies for dry mouth:
Because dry mouth increases your risk for oral health problems, such as tooth decay and loss, implement a strong oral hygiene routine to keep your mouth healthy and happy. This includes:
If you consistently deal with dry mouth and eyes, don't ignore your symptoms. Talk to your dentist about identifying the root cause and finding relief. If you are diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome, your team of medical professionals can help you manage your symptoms and maintain both oral and overall health.
This article is intended to promote understanding of and knowledge about general oral health topics. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of your dentist or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment.
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